Finance Calculator — Solve Any TVM Variable
A general-purpose time-value-of-money solver. Enter any four of N, I/Y, PV, PMT, and FV — this calculator instantly solves for the fifth, the same logic behind a real handheld financial calculator.
N
PERIODS
I/Y
RATE / YEAR
PV
PRESENT VALUE
PMT
PAYMENT
FV
FUTURE VALUE
Finance Calculator
Time-Value-of-Money — N · I/Y · PV · PMT · FV
Known Values — Future Value (FV) will be solved
Sign convention: money you pay out (invest, deposit) is negative; money you receive back is positive. That's why PV and PMT default to negative — a typical savings plan.
Future Value (FV)
$12,557
10.00
N
6.00%
I/Y
-$10,000
PV
-$200
PMT
$12,557
FV
$2,000
Total of N Payments
$557
Interest Earned
6.17%
Effective Annual Rate
📈 Balance Over Time
How the account balance moves from period 0 to period 10.
📅 Balance Schedule
| Period | Balance |
|---|---|
| 0 | $10,000 |
| 1 | $10,250 |
| 2 | $10,501 |
| 3 | $10,754 |
| 4 | $11,008 |
| 5 | $11,263 |
| 6 | $11,519 |
| 7 | $11,776 |
| 8 | $12,035 |
| 9 | $12,296 |
| 10 | $12,557 |
📊 Rate Sensitivity
How Future Value changes at nearby interest rates.
| Rate | Future Value |
|---|---|
| -18.00% | $10,468 |
| -6.00% | $11,467 |
| 6.00% ★ | $12,557 |
| 18.00% | $13,746 |
| 30.00% | $15,042 |
The Time-Value-of-Money Equation
Every loan, savings plan, and annuity is really one balance moving through time, growing or shrinking by a fixed interest rate each period while payments flow in or out. That relationship collapses into a single equation:
PV × (1 + i)ⁿ + PMT × (1 + i × type) × [(1 + i)ⁿ − 1] / i + FV = 0where i is the interest rate per period and type is 0 for end-of-period payments or 1 for beginning-of-period payments. Because the equation only has five unknowns, knowing any four always pins down the fifth — that's the entire trick behind every financial calculator ever built.
🏦 Solving for FV or PV
These have a direct, closed-form answer — no guessing required. Use FV to project a savings or investment plan forward; use PV to see what a future payout or loan balance is worth in today's dollars.
🧾 Solving for PMT
Also closed-form. This is the mortgage/loan-payment formula in disguise — set FV to 0 to size a payment that fully pays off a loan, or leave FV non-zero to size a payment that leaves a balloon balance.
📅 Solving for N
How many periods it takes to reach a goal — pay off a debt, or hit a savings target — given a fixed payment and rate. Still closed-form, using a logarithm rather than simple algebra.
🎚️ Solving for I/Y
The rate that makes everything balance — no algebraic shortcut exists, so this calculator searches for it numerically, refining a guess until the equation nets to zero.
— FAQ